Transactions for different client_ids cannot interfere with one another,
so this provides an opportunity for the sort of concurrency that a
mult-client hosting solution might need. For example, a postgres backend
could lock the client row in each transaction.
This is a bit tricky because the `Storage` trait is `Send + Sync`, but
an SQLite connection is neither. Since this is not intended for
large-scale use, the simple solution is just to open a new SQLite
connection for each transaction. More complex alternatives include
thread-local connection pools or a "worker thread" that owns the
connection and communicates with other threads via channels.
This also updates the InMemoryStorage implementation to be a bit more
strict about transactional integrity, which led to a number of test
changes.
